Introduction to the philosophy of Stoicism

Here is a detailed explanation of Stoicism highlighting its primary principles and goals.

Virtue and Peace as the Main Goals

Stoicism:

• Founded by Zeno of Citium in Athens in the 3rd century BC.
• Central ideas: Virtue and tranquility.

Philosophical Assertions:

• Virtue equates to happiness.
• Judgments should be based on behavior, not words.
• Control lies not in external events but in our responses to them.

Human Nature and Emotional Mastery

Human Nature:

• Tends to be impulsive and less logical.
• This impulsiveness leads to dissatisfaction in life.

Stoic Teachings:

• Emphasize self-control and emotional regulation.
• Promote being steadfast, strong, and in control of oneself.
• Mastery of emotions is linked to achieving peace.

The Pursuit of Tranquility

Philosophical Perspective:

• Philosophers often believe in achieving permanent tranquility as part of human nature.
• Humans seek lasting peace as part of their identity.

Stoicism’s Stance:

• Suggests tranquility doesn’t have to be temporary but can be maintained with the right mindset.
• Short-term solutions like naps or supplements do not provide lasting peace.

Stoic Tranquility and Happiness

External Factors:

• Stoicism teaches that external factors (health, wealth, pleasure) are less significant without virtue.
• True happiness is independent of external influences.

Key Reminder:

• Happiness is achievable through training oneself to be independent of negative external influences.